International Medical Journal

Journal ID : IMJ-19-06-2020-516

Total View : 330

Title : Gram stain microscopy in septic arthritis

Abstract : Septic arthritis is a serious condition that can lead to rapid destruction of joint if it is not rapidly diagnosed and treated appropriately. The reported annual incidence is 10 in 100 000 although this increases to 70 in 100 000 in those with risk factors for developing septic arthritis mainly rheumatoid arthritis and immune-compromised patients. The aim of this study is to examine the sensitivity and specificity, and thus the clinical usefulness, of gram stain results. Single centre, retrospective case series. All joint aspirates over a three-year period from May 2015 to April 2018 were reviewed. The gram stain and final culture results noted. 830 samples were included from both native and replaced joints. Native joints accounted for a total of 701 cases (84%) of the aspirates, whilst those obtained from prosthetic joints 129 (16%). In 74 (9%) cases there was a discrepancy between the gram stain and culture results. The sensitivity of the gram stain in this case series is 22% and the specificity of the test is 99.6%. The clinician should have a low threshold for overlooking a negative gram stain result and place greater emphases on the clinical findings in conjunction with biochemical markers.
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International Medical Journal

Journal ID : IMJ-18-06-2020-515

Total View : 334

Title : Antibacterial Activity of Ethanol Extracted Curcumin against Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated From Post-Surgical Wounds: An In Vitro Study

Abstract : Curcumin, the essential constituent of Curcuma or turmeric, is used widely in many international cuisines. It is known for its pharmacological properties in relatively non-toxic doses. It has been used as probiotics or prebiotics as it has proven medicinal properties since its recognition in 1953. It enhances the overall health of human being by activating or improving the normal micro flora in the colon. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial effect of turmeric extract against some species of pathogenic E. coli bacteria hosting surgeries sites and wounds in vitro. 35 samples (swabs) from wounds or surgery sites were collected. The samples were cultured and found bacteria species were isolated and diagnosed. E. coli subtype O157:H7 was isolated form one of the samples and ethanolic Curcumin extract has applied with different concentrations to measure its antimicrobial activity against these subtypes, comparing that to other E. coli subtypes which were collected form stool samples. E. coli O157:H7 showed high resistance to ethanolic curcumin extract with all concentrations. Other subtypes of E. coli where proportionally sensitive to curcumin concentrations. The antimicrobial activity of Turmeric was not strong enough to eradicate E. coli subtype O157:H7. Higher concentrations or other additional factors along with curcumin might be required to enhance its antimicrobial activity.
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International Medical Journal

Journal ID : IMJ-16-06-2020-508

Total View : 362

Title : Assessment of myocardial viability for patients with prior myocardial infarction and LV systolic dysfunction using speckle tracking longitudinal strain and comparison with Late gadolinium enhancement by cardiac MRI

Abstract : Left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) is an important complication of coronary artery disease (CAD) and represents a powerful determinant of survival. the purpose of the current study was to assess scar tissue for patient with old myocardial infarction and LV systolic dysfunction by speckle tracking longitudinal strain using regional and global longitudinal strain and to compare it with late enhancement by CMR which is the gold standard method for assessment of scar transmurality, scar transmurality was the predictor of myocardial viability, the current study defined regional longitudinal strain cutoff value that discriminated between viable and non-viable myocardium. Methods: Thirty-eight patients with old myocardial infarction and LV systolic dysfunction from AL-Najaf cardiac center and AL-Nasirya cardiac center underwent transthoracic echocardiography to measure global and segmental (regional) longitudinal LV strain using two-dimensional speckle tracking and cine MRI followed by contrast-enhanced MRI to assess segmental LV function and the segmental/global (transmural) extent of scar tissue. The optimal cutoff value for regional strain to discriminate between segments with viable myocardium and segments with transmural scar was also determined. Results: A good correlation was found between global LV strain and the global extent of scar tissue on contrast-enhanced MRI (R= 0.518, n = 38, p = 0.001.). The mean segmental strain in segments with a scar score of 3 was -6.33% ± 2.28%, and for segments with a scar score of 4 was -2.67% ± 3.69%. A strain value of the cutoff value of segmental strain was calculated using (ROC curve) analysis, and it was found to be -7.5% discriminated between segments with viable myocardium and segments with transmural scar tissue on contrast-enhanced MRI with a sensitivity of 91.5% and specificity of 89.7% Conclusion: global and regional longitudinal strain measured with two-dimensional speckle tracking miscorrelated with the global and regional extent of scar transmurality assessed by contrast enhanced MRI. A cutoff value of -7.5% for regional strain discriminated between segments with viable myocardium and those with transmural scar tissue on contrast-enhanced MRI with a sensitivity of 91.5% and specificity of 89.7%.
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International Medical Journal

Journal ID : IMJ-15-06-2020-507

Total View : 225

Title : The Effect of exercise program on balance, gait speed, and knee pain among obese people

Abstract : Obesity is associated with a range of disabling musculoskeletal conditions in adults as knee and hip pain which account for a great deal of activity limitation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise program on balance, gait speed, and knee pain among obese people. A quasi-experimental trial with two groups, experimental and control groups post-test. A total of 40 adult obese patients with knee pain were randomly assigned to the control group (n=20) or experimental group (n=20). Participants in the experimental group received exercise program. A total of 40 patients were enrolled. There were significant differences between the experimental and control group regarding balance, speed gait, and knee pain (P< 0.005) with favor to experimental group. The study confirmed the effect of exercise on decrease knee pain, improved balance, and increase speed gait.
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International Medical Journal

Journal ID : IMJ-15-06-2020-505

Total View : 304

Title : LAPAROSCOPIC INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR – TEP OR TAPP? A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE

Abstract : Inguinal hernia surgery is one of the most common elective procedures performed by the surgeons and has evolved from open to laparoscopic technique. This prospective study was conducted to find out intra-operative incidents and post-operative outcomes in patients undergoing TEP and TAPP for inguinal hernia repair. A prospective study was conducted on 50 adult patients who underwent laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair between November 2017 to November 2018. It was a randomised study and equal number of patients were allocated to TAPP and TEP group based on surgeon’s preference. Operative time [p<0.0001], intensity of pain (VAS) was significantly higher in TAPP compared to TEP in the immediate post-operative period (6 hours) and during hospital stay [p=0.0299]. No significant difference observed in VAS between TEP and TAPP during follow up [after 1 week (p=0.2298), 2 weeks (p=0.2337), and 4 weeks (p=0.3944)]. Both TEP and TAPP were comparable in terms of Intra-operative and Post-operative complications {seroma [during hospital stay (p=0.1573), after 1 week (p=0.6375), after 2 weeks (p=0.5513)]; haematoma [during hospital stay (p=0.1492), after 1 week (p=0.3125)]} and Conversion (p=0.3125), and Length of hospital stay (p=0.3960). Time to resume normal work [p<0.0001] was significantly more in TAPP than TEP. Although both procedures are safe and efficacious TEP has a definite edge over TAPP taking into consideration the lesser intensity of post-operative pain during hospital stay, shorter duration of surgery and relatively early return to normal work associated with the former procedure. TEP should therefore be regarded as the procedure of choice for inguinal hernia repair.
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International Medical Journal

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Submission Deadline ( Vol 30 , Issue 09 )
20 Sep 2023

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Publish On ( Vol 30 , Issue 07 )
31 Jul 2023