Abstract : Short sleep duration could be a factor of the occurrence of obesity and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance might cause various metabolic problems. Several previous studies have conveyed dissimilar results. The present study aimed to analyze the relationship between sleep duration and insulin resistance in obese adolescents with metabolic syndrome. This study used cross-sectional research design with 124 obese adolescents with metabolic syndrome aged 13-18 years in Surabaya and Sidoarjo as the research subjects. Anthropometry (e.g. weight, height, and waist circumference), blood pressure, and blood tests (e.g. HDL cholesterol, triglyceride, and fasting blood glucose levels) were conducted to determine obesity according to CDC 2000 and metabolic syndrome according to International Diabetes Federation 2007. Insulin resistance was assessed by using HOMA-IR. Sleep duration was determined based on direct interviews with the research subjects. The obtained data were analyzed using Spearman correlation test, Chi-Square, Mann-Whitney, and T-test (significant at p <0.05). The subjects were dominated by male adolescents (67.7%). There was a meaningful relationship between age and sleep duration (p = 0.035). Subjects were divided into two age groups namely those aged 13-15 years and 16- 18 years. The results showed that sleep duration and HOMA-IR values as a marker of insulin resistance had a significant negative correlation (rs=-0.605; p <0.001). Sleep duration has a robust negative correlation with the HOMA-IR value, which is a parameter of insulin resistance.