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Vol - 29, Issue - 01
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[This article belongs to Volume - 29, Issue - 01]
International Medical Journal
Journal ID
:
IMJ-14-01-2022-1198
Total View
:
406
Title
:
Enhancement of early osteointegration of dental implants using small blood stem cells
Abstract
: Researchers discovered that human peripheral blood stem cells can help with bone regeneration and osseointegration by encouraging the formation of new bone cells. This research is being done to see if stem cells may be successfully implanted in the mouths of people with severe bone deformities, as is currently planned. A total of 15 patients were enrolled and split into three groups, each getting 1x106 or 1x107 stem cell treatment dosages. Patients had computed tomography (CT) scans after therapy to determine their bone mineral density (BMD), which was graded using Hounsfield units (HU) grading. The data was scrutinised. To determine the success of the process, tests were performed prior to treatment as well as four, six, eight, and twelve weeks after dental implantation. A full chemical panel and blood tests were also performed as part of the investigation. During the six-month research period, no significant adverse effects were found. Despite the fact that the patients' anaemia and leukocytosis improved, no link was found between the stem cell transplant and any of the side effects they encountered, such as increased liver function tests. The amount of cytokines and chemokines present in the blood of the subjects was determined using a multiplex immunological assay. The inflammatory markers eotaxin, FGF2, MCP-1, MDC, and IL17a, as well as other inflammatory signs, were all raised in patients treated with stem cells. According to this research, stem cells produce cytokines and chemokines that help injured tissue repair. To ensure that stem cells were effective in dental implantation and that stem cells were not damaging to the patient, CT scanning was used to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) and maximal stresses in a stress analysis model. When patients with severe bone abnormalities were shifted from the D3 level to the D1 or D2 level of the D3 classification, they all improved significantly. In week 2 of the trial, a rise in the HU score may be seen during guided bone regeneration (GBR) and prior to tooth implantation. The findings of this phase I study show that stem cell treatment for dental implantation is well tolerated and has no severe side effects. In order to expedite osseointegration in dental implant patients who are at high risk of failure, more phase II research with stem cells is required.
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