Abstract : Enterobius vermicularis (E. vermicularis) is commonly called pinworm; a nematode inhabits the human large intestine. E. vermicularis may cause immune-regulation. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were to elucidate the effect of infection with E. vermicularis on the anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines in relation to insulin sensitivity in obese children. This cross-sectional study was conduct in 2019. 41 obese children with or without enterobiasis aged 9-14 years compared with 18 healthy children were recruited from different private clinics. Pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory cytokines, glycemic indices and anthropometric profile were evaluated and then were analyzed by using SPSS software. The most common presenting feature was pruritis ani 80.95% compare to the other symptoms. Besides, most of recruited children were from low socioeconomic status 85.71% compared with 14.28% of moderate socioeconomic status. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin sensitivity, insulin resistance (IR), pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were better in obese children with enterobiasis compared with obese children without enterobiasis, P<0.05. The present study concluded that enterobiasis improves metabolic and inflammatory profile in obese children. Enterobiasis improves insulin sensitivity, attenuates IR and pro-inflammatory cytokines through IL-10-dependent pathway