Vol - 28, Issue - 11
About the Journal
[This article belongs to Volume - 28, Issue - 11]
International Medical Journal
Journal ID : IMJ-13-12-2021-1090
Total View : 419

Abstract : Ankle arch abnormalities are common in orthopaedics. Left untreated it may result in problems like gait disturbances. Thus, it requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. This can be achieved by assessment of the foot using X-rays by known parameters. However, there is a lack of Indian studies regarding the same. The objective of this study is to formulate standardised norms for the measurement of ankle arch in the South Indian population. 127 participants aged 18-50 years with apparently normal feet were selected. They were evaluated taking X-rays in a weight bearing position. The medial longitudinal arch was assessed using the lateral talocalcaneal angle, calcaneal inclination (CIA), lateral talo-first metatarsal angle, calcaneo-first metatarsal angle (C1MA), navicular index {Navicular Index(NI)=arch length/navicular height(NH)}. Transverse arch assessment was done using. the naviculo-metatarsal angle (NM angle), first-fifth intermetatarsal angle (M1 M5 angle). Measurements were made using IC Measure software. For medial longitudinal arch the mean talocalcaneal angle, CIA, talo-first metatarsal angle and C1MA is 47.10±7.70; 26.83±4.56; 11.24±1.78; 134.56±7.35 degrees, respectively. Mean arch length is 3.83±0.85cm and mean NH of 1.12±0.28cm with a mean NI of 3.48±0.50. In transverse arch mean values of NM angle and M1M5 angle are 101.57±4.53 and 26.22±2.94 degrees, respectively. There was no significant difference in values among males and females. Mean values of all arch parameters except NH are comparable to previous studies. Mean NH is lesser than the previously done studies among Caucasian, Nigerian and Asian populations. Among previously done Indian studies our study showed the prevalence of a flatter medial longitudinal arch with no significant gender related variances.

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