Abstract : Falls and fear of falling (FOF) constitute significant contributors to mortality and morbidity in the elderly population. Geographical variations in factors influencing falls and FOF have been observed, with limited data available for Bahrain. This study aims to comprehensively assess the risk factors associated with falls and FOF in elderly individuals residing in the Kingdom of Bahrain. A cross-sectional survey was conducted at five urban primary care centers (PHUs) in Bahrain. Geriatric individuals aged 60 years and above, visiting these PHUs, underwent structured interviews using a pre-validated Arabic questionnaire. Demographic variables and relevant risk factors associated with falls and FOF were meticulously recorded and subjected to rigorous data analysis. The survey encompassed 383 participants, with a mean age of 69.37±6.27 years. A noteworthy 14.1% of participants reported poor general health. Results derived from the Falls Efficacy Scale indicated that 70.5% of elderly respondents expressed concerns about experiencing falls. Furthermore, comprehensive analysis revealed significant associations (p<0.05) between FOF and various factors, including age, nationality, living arrangements, financial challenges, overall health status, presence of comorbidities, prior history of stroke, diminished interest in engaging in activities, loss of appetite, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, antihypertensive medication or other pharmaceuticals, and a history of previous falls. This study underscores the influence of factors such as educational attainment, living conditions, comorbidities, sensory and cognitive impairments, and polypharmacy on the occurrence of falls. The insights gleaned from this survey can lay the groundwork for large-scale investigations aimed at documenting and addressing falls within the elderly population.