Abstract : Nurses are exposed to workplace violence more than other health care employees because they have close contact with the patient and their companions. Nurses' attitudes and their self- efficacy toward violence are considered as important factors in controlling the consequences of workplace violence. In addition, their attitudes and self-efficacy can minimize probable cause harm in workplace. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between nurses' attitudes and their self-efficacy towards workplace violence. This study is a descriptive correlational research implemenented in 1397. Participants taking part in this study were180 nurses working in psychiatric and emergency departments of Imam Hossein and Ayatollah Taleghani hospitals in Tehran. The procedure of sampling was based on availabaitly of participants. For collecting data, researchers took advantage of demograpghic form and questionnaires about attitude and self-efficacy towards violence against nurses. The procedure of analysis has been done with SPSS software (version 25). In addition, descriptive and inferential statistics tests have been run. The considered significance level was 0.05. The paricipants of this sample were 180 nurses (46 males and 134 females). Their age ranged between 33/61±6/87and their job experience was 9/82±4/47. Results showed that 98/8 % of nurses confronted with violence in healthcare setting. There was a positive and significant correlation between attitude and self-efficac with workplace violence (p = 0.001 and r = 0.875). There was also a significant relationship between nurses' attitudes and self-efficacy with their age and level of education (p <0.05). There is a direct relationship between nurses' attitudes and self-efficacy towards violence against them in the workplace. Consequently, improving nurses 'attitudes and holding workshopsfor increasing nurses' self-efficacy is influential in effiectively encountering with violence in the workplace