International Medical Journal (ISSN:13412051)

Aim and Scope

Aim-

International Medical Journal ISSN: (13412051) is an international open-access journal publishes twelve times each year. The "International Medical Journal" is a peer-reviewed, monthly, online international research journal, which publishes original articles, research articles, review articles with top-level work from all areas of Medical Science Research and their application including Aetiology, bioengineering, biomedicine, cardiology, chiropody, ENT etc. Researchers in all Medical Science and Pharmacy fields are encouraged to contribute articles based on recent research. Journal publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field of Medical Science and Pharmacy Research, and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. International Medical Journal journal covers almost all disciplines of Medical Science and Pharmacy. Researchers and students of M.B.B.S, M.D., D.T.C.D., GYNE., M.S., M.Pharma, And PhD are requested to send their original research articles to International Medical Journal. Changjiang Liuyu Ziyuan Yu Huanjing/Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Valley Shenyang Jianzhu Daxue Xuebao (Ziran Kexue Ban)/Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University (Natural Science) General Medicine (ISSN:1311-1817) Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine Zhongguo yi liao qi xie za zhi = Chinese journal of medical instrumentation Lizi Jiaohuan Yu Xifu/Ion Exchange and Adsorption

Scope-

International Medical Journal ISSN: (13412051) is a peer-reviewed journal. The journal seeks to publish original research articles that are hypothetical and theoretical in its nature and that provide exploratory insights in the following fields but not limited to:

Anatomy Physiology Biochemistry Pharmacology
Pathology Forensic medicine Microbiology Community Medicine
Otorhinolaryngology Internal Medicine General Surgery Obstetrics and Gynecology
Radiology Pulmonary Medicine Dermatology and Venereal diseases Infectious Diseases
Anaesthesia Cancer research Neurosurgery Orthopedics

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Latest Journals
International Medical Journal
Journal ID : IMJ-12-05-2020-457
Total View : 312
Title : The Effect of Different Curvature Levels on Cyclic Fatigue of Three Single File NiTi Instruments (A comparative study)
Abstract :

The NiTi file systems have been launched to dentistry to reduce the chance of endodontic treatment errors. But there is a combining issue, the risk of instrument fracture, mainly due to cyclic fatigue during rotation within a curved canal. This study aimed to compare the cyclic fatigue resistances of Hyflex EDM [Coltene], EdgeOne Fie [EdgeEndo] and One Curve [Micro Mega] instruments at different levels of canal curvature. A total of 60 new files [size 25] divided into three groups and then each group divided into two subgroups, subjected to fatigue tests in two simulated canals with different curvature location, apical [n=10] and middle [n=10]. All instruments were rotated until failure and the number of cycles to failure [NCF] and fragment length[FL] was registered. The results showed that the NCF of all groups were lower in middle curved canal compared to the apical curved canal (P < 0.05). In the apical curved canal, no significant differences in NCF observed between the EO and HEDM files (P > 0.05) but OC files showed a lower significant than others (P < 0.05). In the middle curved canal, no significant difference NCF observed between EO and OC files (P > 0.05), but HEDM showed a lower significant than others (P < 0.05). No statistical difference in the FL among instruments. Concluding that EO Fire instruments had higher resistant to cyclic fatigue, but without significant difference with HEDM at the apical level and without significant difference with OC at the middle level

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Full article
International Medical Journal
Journal ID : IMJ-09-05-2020-455
Total View : 337
Title : MICROBIAL PATTERN OF SPUTUM CULTURES OF ADULT PATIENTS FROM A PRIMARY CARE CLINIC
Abstract : Various inpatient studies in Malaysia have reported Klebsiella pneumonia, as the most frequently identified pathogen among patients presenting with lower respiratory infections (LRTI). This finding differs from numerous Western and Asian studies that have reported Streptococcus pneumonia as the most frequently identified pathogen for LRTI. As the microbial pattern of sputum cultures among local outpatients in Malaysia is unknown, this study aimed to examine the most frequently isolated pathogen among this group of patients. A retrospective descriptive study looking at sputum samples sent from adult patients of an academic primary care clinic for a period of one year. 511 sputum samples were received. 22.1% of sputum were positive for an isolate. 77.1% of the cultures did not yield a growth.0.8% of sputum was deemed unsuitable for culture. The most common isolated organism was Klebsiella pneumonia followed by Candida albicans, Pseudomonas aeuroginosa and Haemophilus influenza.Among the Klebsiella isolates, it was 100% sensitive to the cephalosporins and amoxicillin clavulanic acid but was resistant to ampicillin.Although the majority of the sputum cultures did not have a yield,60% of patients were prescribed antibiotics. The overall positive sputum yield from this study was low, 22.1%. The surprising finding in this study is that the most frequently isolated organism was Klebsiella pneumonia, which differs from Western studies but is similar to local inpatient studies.There was high usage of antibiotics in this primary care clinic. However, when an antibiotic was used, the choice of amoxicillin clavulanic acid was appropriate as Klebsiella pneumonia is sensitive to it.
Full article
International Medical Journal
Journal ID : IMJ-08-05-2020-454
Total View : 263
Title : Health promotion to improve medicine literacy regarding antibiotics and self-medication in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Abstract : One of the factors contributing to irrational drug use is low medicine literacy in the community. This study aimed to conduct education intervention for improving medicine literacy among the community, particularly regarding antibiotics and self-medication. This study used one group pretest-posttest design conducted in Yogyakarta city, Indonesia. Purposive sampling was applied to select respondents for the study, which were women active as health cadres. The study began with instrument development to measure medicine literacy regarding antibiotics and self-medication and followed by the development of education material in forms of power point presentation and leaflet. Pretest-posttest to measure the medicine literacy were conducted before and after the intervention. The study involved 82 women as respondents. The mean scores of antibiotics literacy for pretest and posttest were 75.37±14.90 and 80.46±11.47, respectively. Meanwhile, the mean scores of self-medication literacy for pretest and posttest were 72.20±12.48 and 83.35±11.22, respectively. There were significant improvements in literacy regarding antibiotics and self-medication before and after the intervention (p=0.000). Some aspects of medicine literacy still need to be improved including interval and duration of antibiotics use, the indication of antibiotics, and the administration of some drugs due to the dosage forms for self-medication. This study concluded that education intervention using a presentation and leaflet could improve medicine literacy regarding antibiotics and self-medication. However, some aspects of knowledge need further improvement.
Full article
International Medical Journal
Journal ID : IMJ-07-05-2020-452
Total View : 263
Title : DETERMINATION OF ANTOSIANIN TOTAL LEVELS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES IN BLACK GLUTINOUS RICE EXTRACT AND FERMENTED BLACK GLUTINOUS RICE EXTRACT
Abstract : Black glutinous rice and Fermented Black Glutinous Rice contain compounds that act as antioxidants, namely anthocyanin compounds. The purpose of this study was to determine the total anthocyanin concentration and antioxidant activity contained in black glutinous rice and Fermented Black Glutinous Rice. Samples of black glutinous rice and Fermented Black Glutinous Rice were extracted using methanol which was acidified with 1% HCL, then the samples were dried using freeze dry. The first study was conducted to identify anthocyanins by using color reagents, then determine the total anthocyanin based on the differential pH method and determine the antioxidant activity with the DPPH method to obtain IC50 values. Based on the research, the total anthocyanin obtained in black glutinous rice was 4,2582 mg/100 gram and antioxidant activity was 14.654,67 ppm, whereas the total anthocyanin in Fermented Black Glutinous Rice was 8,0989 mg/100 gram and antioxidant activity was 11.837,68 ppm. From these results, it can be concluded that Fermented Black Glutinous Rice has greater anthocyanin and antioxidant activity than black glutinous rice.
Full article
International Medical Journal
Journal ID : IMJ-05-05-2020-450
Total View : 340
Title : Ethical issues in pharmacy practice: A cross sectional survey from community pharmacists in Indonesia
Abstract : Pharmacists are often faced situations that contradicted to the pharmacy code of ethics profession. This study was designed to observe the types of ethical dilemmas that occur in community pharmacies. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Yogyakarta province, Indonesia. A survey was run in September to December 2019, during seminar meeting held by Indonesian Pharmacists Association involving 225 community pharmacists. A self-administered validated questionnaire included four parts: general characteristics of pharmacists, five scenarios on ethical issues, frequency in facing ethical problem, reasons why pharmacists compromise ethical problems. Data were collected, entered, and analyzed quantitatively using univariate analysis. Of 225 participants, the most frequent cases faced were that customer asks for an over-the-counter treatment that actually they did not really need (3.67 ± 1.56); the prescription states a specific brand of drug, but in stock was only generic available (3.43 ± 1.34); and patient asking for controlled medicines that tend to be mis-used (3.31 ± 1.32). Pharmacists’ reasons to compromise these issues were to satisfy patient’ expectation (45.33%), to respond doctor’s request (33.78%), secure their job (20%), and to meet target from employer (15.11%). This study revealed that need to improve public knowledge and awareness about the problem of drug use and the dangers of drugs for minimize the occurrence of ethical problems. Strengthening regulations about ethical issues is needed to assist pharmacists in decision-making and create a readiness for face problems related ethical dilemmas. On the other hand, promoting and training for pharmacists regarding code of ethics knowledge and awareness should be doing intensively.
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