International Medical Journal

Journal ID : IMJ-07-02-2020-216

Total View : 136

Title : The Antimicrobial Effect of Salvia Officinalis Extracts on The Salivary Lactobacilli in Comparison to Chlorhexidine (in vitro study)

Abstract : Salvia Officinalis (sage) is a plant which has been used since ancient times for its culinary and medicinal effects and the uses of antimicrobial agent to control plaque and oral disease has been advocated for a number of years. Different compounds have been delivered through mouth rinses or tooth pastes or by topical application. The purpose of this research is to find out and to compare between the anticariogenic properties of aqueous and alcoholic sage extract on the growth of causative cariogenic bacteria (salivary Lactobacilli). In the present study lactobacilli were isolated from saliva of twenty-five dental students (age range between 20-21 years). These bacteria were isolated, purified and diagnosed according to morphological characteristic, biochemical tests and Vitek 2 system. Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus salivarius, and Lactobacillus acidophilus were isolated from stimulated saliva of students under study. Agar diffusion technique showed that sage extracts (aqueous and alcoholic) were inhibited the growth of lactobacilli, and the diameter of inhibition zone increased as the concentration of sage extract increased, but the effect of aqueous extract was less than the effect of alcoholic extract. The minimum bactericidal concentrations of aqueous and alcoholic sage extract were 50%, 20% respectively. Alcoholic sage extract inhibits salivary lactobacilli higher than aqueous extract.
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International Medical Journal

Journal ID : IMJ-06-02-2020-215

Total View : 264

Title : Relationship between Inflammation Markers and Stenosis Degrees in Stable Coronary Heart Disease

Abstract : Stable coronary heart disease is the highest cause of death. This situation involves neutrophils and lymphocytes described by the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in inflammation. Inflammation makes an increase in acute phase protein C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA), both of which also play a role in coronary artery stenosis. The degree of stenosis is measured by Gensini scores through invasive angiography. The relationship between the three hematological parameters and the degree of coronary artery stenosis needs a further investigation. A cross sectional study involving 35 stable coronary heart patients was calculated according to the formula of the sample size with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Examination of NLR was done by comparing absolute neutrophil counts, moreover absolute lymphocytes was examined by using a hematology analyzer. CRP levels were examined by the hs-CRP method and SAA levels were examined by using the ELISA principle. The Gensini score was used to assess coronary artery stenosis. The Spearman relationship test was used to analyze between variables. p <0.05 was considered significant. There is a significant positive relationship between NLR and SAA but no correlation between CRP and NLR and SAA. There is a significant positive relationship between NLR and SAA with Gensini scores. There is no relationship between CRP and Gensini score. NLR is a simple parameter and SAA is a biomolecular parameter, both of which increase with increasing weight coronary artery stenosis, in stable CHD patients, it can be used for evaluation of stable CHD patients.
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International Medical Journal

Journal ID : IMJ-06-02-2020-214

Total View : 382

Title : Assessment of Glycemic Control in Diabetic Patients by Correlation of Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) and Postprandial Plasma Glucose (PPG) with Glycosylated Hemoglobin

Abstract : Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by lack of blood glucose homeostasis. This results from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Optimal glycemic control is fundamental in the management of DM. It is considered the main therapeutic objective for preventing the development and progression of diabetic micro and macro vascular complications. The aim of this study is to assess the glycemic control of diabetic patients by the correlation between FPG and PPG with HbA1c. More than 40 original research articles using online database were critically reviewed. It was found that the correlation between PPG and HbA1c is stronger than that between FPG and HbA1c. However, some studies revealed a stronger correlation between FBG and HbA1c than that between PPG and HbA1c. The correlation coefficient (r) ranged from 0.44-0.81 for PPG and from 0.28-0.81 (Table 1). Patients who achieved 2-h PPG within the reference limit better attained target HbA1c values than patients who achieved FPG within reference limit. In other words, decreasing PPG accounted for a greater decrease in HbA1c than decrease in FPG. Therefore, control of PPG is more reliable for achieving target HbA1c ˂7% than FPG. Both FPG and PPG levels were correlated with HbA1c, but higher correlation was observed between HbA1c and PPG than FPG. HbA1c is the best standard in assessing glycemic control with the availability of standardized methods.
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International Medical Journal

Journal ID : IMJ-06-02-2020-213

Total View : 357

Title : Serum Adiponectin as an Early Biomarker of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus activity and lupus nephritis

Abstract : Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multi-system inflammatory connective tissue disorder, affecting kidneys in about 50% of patients. The laboratory tools used to determine kidney affection are modest and relatively inaccurate in their ability to detect SLE activity and lupus nephritis flare. Therefore, new biomarkers for proper detection of SLE activity and lupus renal disease have to be searched. To investigate serum adiponectin as a marker of SLE activity and lupus nephritis. 90 participants were involved and classified into 4 main groups; group I included 36 healthy volunteers as control group, group II included 18 patients with active SLE with lupus nephritis, group III included 18 patients with active SLE without lupus nephritis and group IV included 18 patients with inactive SLE. All participants were submitted to; urine analysis, complete blood count, fasting blood glucose, serum creatinine, liver function tests, serum complement 3 and 4, antinuclear antibody, anti-double stranded DNA level and serum adiponectin levels assays. Serum adiponectin levels were significantly higher in lupus nephritis group than in the other two SLE groups and controls. Adiponectin at a level >2.9μg/mL had a greater sensitivity 92.5% and specificity 98.3% for identifying SLE activity than both C 3 at a level < 44.4mg/dl with sensitivity 73.4% and specificity 75.6% and C4 at a level < 10.4mg/dl with sensitivity 65.2% and specificity 68.4%. Serum adiponectin could be used as an early marker for identifying SLE activity and lupus nephritis.
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International Medical Journal

Journal ID : IMJ-06-02-2020-212

Total View : 146

Title : Health Communication to Support Policy Advocacy of Non-Smoking Area (KTR) in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abstract : As social beings, in every activity communication activities are important things that must be done. As social beings, communication is an essential issue to do in each of their activities. One of the most important communications in human life is health communication. One of the most significant communications in human life is health communication. The purpose of health communication is as a means of delivering information or messages about health to the public. The purpose of health communication is as a way of delivering information or messages regarding health to the community. This study uses qualitative case study methods using primary and secondary data. This study employed a qualitative case study method with primary and secondary data. Primary data obtained through in-depth interviews (in-depth Primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews, interviews). Whereas secondary data is sourced from document review. while secondary data were taken from document reviews. The results of the study showed that health communication carried out by the Government of the Special Region of Yogyakarta in supporting the advocacy of No-Smoking Areas (KTR) policies through advocacy namely through the socialization of KTR policies, social support through collaboration with all elements of society and community empowerment through health education on the dangers of smoking to health to all elements of society in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The results of the research revealed that the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) carried out health communication in an effort to support advocacy for the Non-Smoking Area (KTR) through three ways: advocacy run by socializing KTR policies, social support performed through cooperation with all elements of society, and community empowerment implemented through health education regarding the dangers of smoking to health for all aspects of society in the area.
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International Medical Journal

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Submission Deadline ( Vol 30 , Issue 04 )
20 Apr 2023

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Publish On ( Vol 30 , Issue 03 )
31 Mar 2023