International Medical Journal

Journal ID : IMJ-05-02-2020-205

Total View : 139

Title : Challenges in achieving Plasmodium vivax elimination in the Asia-Pacific

Abstract : In 2013, Asia-Pacific leaders formed Malaria Alliance (APLMA) and declared goal of regional malaria elimination by 2030. Plasmodium vivax is the predominant malaria species in Asia-Pacific, and accounts for >80% of the global burden. Strategies aimed for P. falciparum may not give impact for the elimination of P. vivax as it is not targeting the parasite liver stage. Primaquine remains the only drug that has the ability of killing parasite in the liver. World Health Organization recommended that primaquine should be given over 14 days, thus an observational study in Papua, Indonesia, found that the compliance to unsupervised PQ was estimated to be only 12%. Single dose of tafenaquine as radical treatment sounds promising, however it also poses Glucose-6-phosphate deficiency individuals to the risk of hemolysis, and determine the G6PD status prior to prescribing the drug is crucial. In this paper, we will review several challenges in achieving P. vivax elimination, especially in the Asia-Pacific.
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International Medical Journal

Journal ID : IMJ-05-02-2020-204

Total View : 262

Title : TRANSFORMATION OF CML BLAST CRISIS INTO ALL: CASE FINDING IN PATIENT’S FIRST VISIT TO HEALTHCARE

Abstract : The case was found first as chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), based on clinical sign and peripheral blood morphology, but later showed signs of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). A 35-years-old patient came to the hospital emergency room for the first time, complained of abdomen enlargement since a few months ago. Physical examination showed conjunctival anemia and splenomegaly equal with Schuffner 6, but no lymphadenopathy was found. Laboratory test showed normocytic normochromic anemia, severe leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, and increased of reticulocytes. Bone marrow puncture (BMP) results were hypercellular, increased granulopoeisis activity, decreased erythropoeisis and megakaryopoeisis, with lymphoblasts were 24% and myeloblasts were 1%. Sokal score calculation was obtained 5.83, classified as high risk of CML. A flowcytometry test found positive of CD34, CD19, and CD 79a and lead diagnosis to B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). The case showed the condition of CML transformed into ALL which obscured the initial diagnosis of CML.
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International Medical Journal

Journal ID : IMJ-04-02-2020-203

Total View : 157

Title : Hyperoxaluria-Associated Cytokines Dysregulation in Women with Recurrent Pyelonephritis

Abstract : The purpose of the study was to investigate the immune response in patients with recurrent pyelonephritis depending on the presence of hyperoxaluria.The observational cross-sectional study involved 64 women with recurrent pyelonephritis. The patients’ immune response was evaluated by determination of serum concentrations of interleukins (IL) -4, -17, -18, -23, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1). Depending on the presence of hyperoxaluria (urinary oxalate excretion was more than 0.45 mmol per day), the patients were allocated into 2 groups: the women with hyperoxaluria were included to group I (n = 35) and the patients with normal levels of oxalate excretion were included to group II (n = 29). The control group consisted of 25 practically healthy donors.The mean age in the patient population was 31.6 ± 7.7. The average number of pyelonephritis recurrence was 6.4 ± 1.9 per year. We identified a moderate direct correlation between the levels of the urinary oxalate excretion and the number of pyelonephritis recurrences per year (r = 0.71, p < 0.0001) and the inverse strong correlation between oxaluria and GFR level (r = 0.75, p < 0.0001). The patients with hyperoxaluria had increased synthesis of the blood concentration of TNF-α, MCP-1, IL -4, -17 and 23. Our results have provided preliminary evidence that hyperoxaluria is associated with increased serum levels of IL-4, -17, -23, MCP-1 and TNF-α. The larger-scale studies are needed for further confirmation of our findings.
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International Medical Journal

Journal ID : IMJ-04-02-2020-202

Total View : 166

Title : High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein in ‘Healthy’ Obese Young Adults as A Marker of Subclinical Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction

Abstract : Obesity is an excess of body fat and characterized by adipose tissue dysfunction causes an increase in proinflammatory adipocytokines, including C-Reactive Protein (CRP). Studies have shown the increasing of CRP levels in obese patients. C-reactive protein can cause left ventricular remodeling by myocyte biological remodeling, myocyte apoptosis and degradation of extracellular matrix which cause changes in myocardial mechanics and changes in left ventricular systolic function. This study aims to investigate the hs-CRP as a marker of subclinical left ventricle (LV) systolic dysfunction in young adults with obesity. This study was conducted in a single center with cross-sectional design to all young adults with obesity that worked in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, during August-November 2019. The inclusion was subject with normal ejection fraction (EF) > 50%. We excluded subject with poor echocardiography window, cardiac rhythm other than sinus rhythm, diabetes mellitus, hypertensive heart disease, history of coronary artery disease, congenital heart disease, valvular heart disease, dilated cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, pericardial disease, myocarditis, heart failure, infection, inflammatory disease , necrotic condition, malignancy, statin consumption, and dyslipidemia. Hs-CRP was measured by particle enhanced turbidimetric assay. Left ventricle function was measured by Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS) with speckle tracking echocardiography technique, performed by 2 independent examiners. The correlation between hs-CRP and GLS was analysed using Pearson correlation. A total of 29 patients (69.0% male, 30.55 + 5,38 years old) included in this study. The average of hs-CRP level was 8.8 (1.07 – 35.1) mg/L and the average of GLS was -19.18 ± 0.72%. After data log transformation of hs-CRP, there was a significant negative correlation (r= -0,542, p=0,001) between the hsCRP and GLS in young adults with obesity. Increasing hs-CRP level may predict subclinical LV systolic dysfunction in obese young adults with no other comorbidities.
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International Medical Journal

Journal ID : IMJ-04-02-2020-200

Total View : 100

Title : Evaluation of the relationship between nocturnal enuresis and Adenotonsillar hypertrophy in 3-10 years old children, who referred to Khatamolanbia Hospital during 2017-2018

Abstract : Nocturnal enuresis is one of the most common problems among children, which can be along with family concerns and mental disorders. Although the cause of nocturnal enuresis is not well identified, but one of the discussed causes is Adenotonsillar hypertrophy, which causes upper airway obstruction and sleep apnea in 3-10 years old children. The present study is a cross-sectional-descriptive-analytical study, which performed in Khatamolanbia Hospital in Zahedan. The study sample consisted of 250 children with Adenotonsillar hypertrophy, who ranged in age from 3 to 10 years. Data analysis were done using descriptive statistics including statistical tables and charts and analytical analyzes by chi-square test. Among the 250 patients with Adenotonsillar hypertrophy with an average age of 2.40 ± 6.43, 64.4% of patients had nocturnal enuresis. There was a significant relationship between the severity of tonsillar hypertrophy and nocturnal enuresis at Brodsky scale (P <0.001). Also, family history is one of the factors that affecting the nocturnal enuresis of children (001/0> P). The reviews showed well that nocturnal enuresis is highly prevalent in children with Adenotonsillar hypertrophy and those children whose parents had a history of nocturnal enuresis in childhood, are more likely to suffer from this problem.
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International Medical Journal

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Submission Deadline ( Vol 30 , Issue 04 )
20 Apr 2023

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Publish On ( Vol 30 , Issue 03 )
31 Mar 2023