Abstract : The trauma is responsible for most of hospitalizations and deaths all over the world, emerging as a major public health problem. Within this panorama, facial trauma deserves a spotlight, once it has dramatic aesthetic and functional repercussions for the victim. This paper aims to present an epidemiological survey of facial trauma at Feira de Santana – Bahia – Brazil and its metropolitan region from 2015 to 2018. As well, intend to compare the different etiological pattern between public and private services. For this purpose, was conducted a cross-sectional study based on secondary data collected from patient files at Maxillofacial Surgery reference centers, on public and private practice, with a total of 360 files collected. On general survey 76,94% where men, most of target population were victim of motorcycle accidents (28,47%) and the mandible fracture were the most prevalent with 23,13% of cases. In comparison, at the public service the most prevalent etiology was the motorcycle accident with 44,76%, followed by an expressive amount of gunshot wounds with 18,09%. At private sector, car accidents were at the top with 20,52% of cases, followed by falls from own height with 20%. When talking about fracture location, mandible fractures amounted 46,25% at the public hospital. The zygoma fractures were the most prominent with 24,89% at private hospitals. Sensible differences were found when comparing the trauma etiology and fractures morbidity between the two sectors. It can suggest a relation between socioeconomic status and the injuries severity, once major traumas were found at public health care..
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