International Medical Journal

Journal ID : IMJ-16-01-2021-726

Total View : 379

Title : Quantitative investigation of some virulence factors of Enterococcus faecalis from diabetic foot ulcers

Abstract : A total of 10 bacterial isolates were obtained from 100 specimens collected from diabetic foot ulcers from patients of different age groups and gender attended to the consulting clinic at Baghdad teaching hospital in Baghdad city during the period from September 2019 to January 2020. Isolates were initially diagnosed by note morphological and cultivar traits on Blood agar, Enterococcus agar, Bile esculin azide agar and Nutrient agar. These colonies of E. faecalis appears as non-hemolytic (gamma-hemolytic) colonies on blood agar with small, white circular colonies on Nutrient agar. While microscopic appearance of E. faecalis was Gram positive cocci spherical in shape with a diameter of less than 1 micron arranged in single, double or short strings. Bacterial isolates suspected to E. faecalis were identified according to their biochemical properties and these results were confirmed by Vitek-2 system. Among the ten E. faecalis isolates tested for biofilm production, 3 (30%) E. faecalis isolates were countering strong biofilm productions, one (10%) isolates moderate and six (60%) isolates weak biofilm produce as shown in figure (4-6). The optical density (OD) was measured at 570 nm. Results of molecular study documented the amplification of (asa1) gene that encoded aggregation substance in E. faecalis through real time PCR Assay showed there were only one (10%) isolates that negative for asa1 gen and nine (90%) isolates were positive finding. Also the results of cycling GelE gene showed that all isolates 10 (100%) have GelE gene. While the cycling CylA gene were revealed only 2 (20%) of isolates were negative for CylA gen and 8 (80%) isolates positive for. In addition, the results of cycling Esp gene were showed only 2 (20%) of E. faecalis isolates were negative for Esp gen and the positive isolates were 8 (80%) and results of cycling HylA gene presented that all isolates negative for HylA gen 10 (100%)..
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International Medical Journal

Journal ID : IMJ-14-01-2021-724

Total View : 363

Title : Nurses Experience In Providing Palliative Care In Intensive Care Unit: An Integrative Review

Abstract : Caring for patients with palliative conditions such as cancer, stroke, and chronic renal failure is challenging for nurses. However, experiences of nurses with those palliative conditions have never been well identified especially in Intensive Care Unit. This review aim was to identify and synthesize nurses' experiences in providing palliative care in ICU. This review considers several inclusion criteria: ICU nurses who have directly or ever provided palliative care or end of life care in ICU, articles taken from publications between 2005 and 2019, not dual publications and in English, from ProQuest, EBSCO, and PubMed databases. This review used integrative method and done systematically based on the PRISMA checklist. All articles were assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skill Program (CASP), Qualitative Checklist, and Cohort Study Checklist. There were 11 qualitative and 3 quantitative research designs and most methods used were semi structured interviews. However, the researchers obtained five themes: service integration, caring and supporting, self-development, emotional change, and aspects affecting palliative care. Nurses' experiences are different from one to another when providing palliative care. A good relationship between fellow nurses with other health care professionals and families must be maintained, so that they can work together for providing optimal palliative care services..
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International Medical Journal

Journal ID : IMJ-12-01-2021-722

Total View : 351

Title : Clinicopathological Study Of Locally Advanced Breast Carcinoma

Abstract : Breast cancer is most common cancer in female, both worldwide and in India. Better health awareness, availability of screening programs and treatment modalities can cause a favourable and positive clinical picture in India. Aim of present study is to evaluate Clinical features, Investigations, various treatment protocols and outcome for Locally Advanced Breast Cancer. This is a prospective descriptive observational study of 100 patients with locally advanced breast carcinoma admitted in Surgery OPD at Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Pimpri, Pune during the period of August 2018 to September 2020 after obtaining due consent from the participants. Data collection included a detailed history and a thorough clinical examination which is entered in the proforma, tabulated and analysed using software package of statistical analysis (SPSS 22.0). Out of 100 cases of locally advanced breast carcinoma (LABC), majority of the cases were in between 41 - 60 years (74%) and 68% were post-menopausal. Lower economic status had direct effect on cancer incidence (62%). Breast lump is the most common presenting symptom. Majority (73%) had a tumour size more than 5 cm and axillary lymph node metastases. Most common histologic type is ductal type and most of them responded to neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery +/- radiotherapy +/- hormonal therapy +/- chemotherapy. It is needed that awareness regarding breast carcinoma in general should be imparted to at risk population with a special emphasis on those from lower socio-economic class and those having lower literacy levels to improve the outcome..
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International Medical Journal

Journal ID : IMJ-11-01-2021-720

Total View : 433

Title : DHA-Rich Fish Oil And Tualang Honey Reduce Stress-Induced Oxidative Damage In The Brain

Abstract : Exposure to chronic stress induces oxidative damage which alters the dynamic balance between antioxidant and pro-oxidant activities in the brain. Tualang honey (TH) is a Malaysian wild multifloral honey which has been shown to contain high amount antioxidants. DHA-rich fish oil is a form of omega-3 fatty acid found in fish which also possesses some antioxidant activity. This study aimed to evaluate anti-stress activity of DHA-rich fish oil, TH and their combination on several parameters of oxidative stress in the brain. Fifty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into (i) control, (ii) stress-exposed, (iii) stress-exposed and treated with TH (1 g/kg body weight twice daily), (iv) stress-exposed and treated with DHA-rich fish oil (450 mg/kg body weight twice daily), and (v) stress-exposed and treated with a combination of TH and DHA-rich fish oil. The chronic stress regimen consisted of a combination of restraint stress and a swim stress test for 28 days. DHA-rich fish oil and TH significantly (p < 0.05) supressed stress-induced elevation of serum corticosterone and lipid peroxidation and caused significant increase in total antioxidant capacity. For glutathione status, only TH significantly reduced stress-induced elevation of oxidised glutathione (GSSG) and normalised GSH/GSSG ratio. Both DHA-rich fish oil and TH have protective effects against brain oxidative stress but consuming these substances together does not seem to provide an additional benefit compared to consuming them separately..
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International Medical Journal

Journal ID : IMJ-08-01-2021-716

Total View : 433

Title : Hyperglycemia Induced by COVID-19 with and without present Diabetes: A Systematic Review

Abstract : COVID-19 is a major emerging disease that affects any certain condition. However, a recent report suggests the occurrence of hyperglycemia without any present diabetes in COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to systematically review recent evidence on hyperglycemia in COVID-19 patients. Literature research was done using four search engines, consist of Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science Direct, and ProQuest, and limited to English manuscript only and published in the last 1 year. SARS-CoV-2 could damage the pancreas by causing the destruction of the β-cell structure that leads to impairment of glucose metabolism and worsen pre-existing diabetes or determine the appearance of hyperglycemia in non-diabetes. Inflammation also plays a major important role in hyperglycemia related to COVID-19. Hyperglycemia increased the vulnerability of the lung, by promoting and facilitating the entry of the SARS-CoV-2 into the host cells, and decreasing lung function. Moreover, the mortality and morbidity rate conceivable increased due to hyperglycemia. The presence of high glucose levels is linked with the progression of COVID-19 severity. Thus, the glucose level should be concerned, either in a patient with present diabetes or without any presence of diabetes. Examination and monitoring of glucose levels might be a useful tool to prevent the seriousness of COVID-19..
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International Medical Journal

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Submission Deadline ( Vol 30 , Issue 04 )
20 Apr 2023

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Publish On ( Vol 30 , Issue 03 )
31 Mar 2023