Abstract : Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the strain of corona virus that causes corona virus disease2019 (COVID-19), the respiratory illness responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem in of the 21st century. Our study aimed to study Covid-19 related diabetes and try to find predictors of mortality in these patients. This retrospective observational study evaluated 500 COVID-19 confirmed patients hospitalized at Minia University Hospital. The patients were classified to two groups based on FBG and HbA1c levels as follow: Group (I) Non-diabetic patients, Group (II): Newly diagnosed diabetic patients. Then, every group was divided into two subgroups as follow, discharged alive group and died cases group and these subgroups were compared. Follow up of newly diagnosed diabetic patients discharged alive was done after 3 months by FBG and HbA1C. Comparison between the two group revealed significantly higher symptoms, chest signs, COVID markers and poor outcome in group II of newly diagnosed diabetes. Independent significant predictors of the presence of newly diagnosed DM among COVID-19 patients are Older age, higher BMI, lower lymphocytes, elevated COVID markers and lower SpO2. Independent significant predictors of mortality in DM group are higher BMI, elevated COVID markers and lower SpO2. The newly diagnosed DM persisted for three months in about 76.6% of affected subjects. We demonstrated a significant proportion of COVID-19 patients developed new-onset DM which often persist and this was accompanied by more severe infection and higher mortality..
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Abstract : For composite resin polymerization and various light curing units are used. The goal of our study aimed to assess the degree of conversion (DC) and temperature increase in nanofilled and nanohybrid composite resins healed by Argon Laser curing lights and Light Emitting Diode. FTIR spectroscopy used to quantify degree of conversion. In Teflon molds, composite resin samples were positioned and cured of the top to measure the rise in temperature. The thermocouple recorded the increase in temperature under samples. Re-The irradiation was done and the temperature was recorded again after the initial radiation and the ambient temperature was reached. For ANOVA and Tukey - HSD single-way testing (significance of 5 percent), both temperature increase and DC data were submitted. The data obtained confirmed DC don't different between curing units or dental composite of the understudy. There was a significantly higher temperature rise in nanohybrid composite resin than in nanofilled composite resin. The lowest temperature rises from argon laser. Light curing units ' energy density was directly correlated with DC. Mostly because of polymerization and curing unit, the type of composite resin and light curing unit had a significant effect on temperature rise..
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Abstract : Management of pain and obtunding surgical stress response in paediatric cardiac patients has always been a challenge. It can be controlled by various modalities like use of intraoperative IV opioids, increasing depth of anaesthesia with inhalational agents, regional techniques with intrathecal opioids or epidural local anaesthetics with opioids. To find out the effectiveness of high thoracic Epidural anaesthesia in obtunding the surgical stress response in paediatric cardiac surgeries as compared to intravenous opioid infusion. To compare the two groups (Epidural and opiods) in the following aspects: Blood glucose and lactate levels due to surgical stress response. Haemodynamic parameters namely Heart Rate (HR), invasive blood pressure(IBP), continuous central venous oxygen saturation(ScVO2). Post operative ventilation to extubation time. Post operative sedation score (Ramsay sedation Score). The patients in the two groups were comparable with regards to gender. With regards to age, we observed that there were younger patients enrolled in the epidural group as compared to the opioid group. Haemodynamic parameters with use of epidural analgesia rather than IV opioids, both in intraoperative as well as in the post operative period. The baseline Spo2 was found to be overall low in the epidural group, The baseline mixed venous oxygen saturation(ScVo2) was observed to be on the lower side in the epidural group as compared to the opioid group..
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Abstract : Badly broken primary anterior teeth present higher risk of failure due to loss of tooth structure. The aim of this study is to assess the fracture resistance of upper primary anterior teeth restored with fiber posts after Al2O3 sandblasting, 9% hydrofluoric acid and Er,Cr:YSGG laser (2790 nm) surface pretreatments. Sixty fiber posts were used and randomly divided into 4 groups: Group I: control (no pretreatment), Group II: sandblasting (Al2O3) pretreated post, Group III: 9% hydrofluoric acid etching pretreated post, Group IV: Er,Cr:YSGG laser (2790 nm) pretreated post which was further subdivided into subgroup A: 0.5W, subgroup B: 1W, subgroup C: 1.5W. Sixty extracted primary maxillary anterior teeth were collected. After pulpectomy roots were filled with Metapex then surface treated fiber post were cemented with resin cement. Fracture resistance was measured using universal testing machine at a cross head speed of 0.5mm/min. Each sample was loaded at 135º along the long axis of the teeth on the mid-palatal surface until fracture. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test was used to compare between more than two groups in non-related samples. Results revealed a statistically significant difference between the control and all the treated groups except for Group II (p=0.868). Subgroup B had the highest mean fracture resistance value (370 N +/-43.97) while Group III showed the lowest mean value (111.78 N ±16.97). Surface treatments with Er,Cr:YSGG (2790 nm) 1W is an effective method for improving the fracture resistance of badly broken primary anterior teeth restored with fiber post..
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Abstract : The serum level of IL-17 was evaluated in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) treated by topical corticosteroids. Ten patients diagnosed with erosive/atrophic OLP were included in this study. The patients were instructed to apply kenacort -A orabase pomad 4 times daily for 1 month. Serum samples were collected at baseline, immediately after first session, 2 months & 4 months (end of the study) from baseline for determination of serum level of IL-17 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mean level of IL-17 was high in serum at baseline, after topical application of corticosteroids the IL-17 level was decreased from 579.9±202.82 to 400.4±163.43, the p-value was < 0.001 and the results were statistically significant. According to our results, IL-17 plays a main role in the pathogenesis of OLP and its serum level may be valuable in the diagnosis of erosive/atrophic OLP. Topical corticosteroids can be used as an effective method of treatment in OLP..
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