Abstract : This study was conducted to ascertain the pattern of various upper gastrointestinal disorders and to assess the outcome of management of upper gastrointestinal disorders. This study was conducted at our centre between September 2018 to August 2020. This was a prospective observational study. All Patients undergoing upper G.I. endoscopy both on IPD and OPD basis were considered for the study. All were screened for inclusion and exclusion criterias and those who were eligible for the study were explained about the study and asked for the voluntary consent. Those who had given written consent were included in the study. The most common endoscopic findings are present in the stomach(44.5%), followed by esophagus(29%), duodenum(21.5%). Normal endoscopic study account for 5%. The most common endoscopic finding in the study is gastritis accounting for 41.5%, followed by esophagitis(21%), duodenitis(16%). The most common alarm symptom is vomiting, accounting for 38%, followed by weight loss(13%) and G.I. bleed(10%). the most common risk factors for dyspepsia were alcohol(46.5%), followed by Smoking(35%) and pan chewing(44%). Benign conditions like gastritis, esophagitis, duodenitis, peptic ulcer, and duodenal ulcer are more common in patients with <50 years of age. Upper G.I. endoscopy is a useful diagnostic modality to identify the specific pathology in patients with dyspepsia. The common abnormal Endoscopic findings in patients with dyspepsia include gastritis, esophagitis, and duodenitis. Alcohol and Smoking are the major risk factor for dyspepsia. Dyspepsia with alarm symptoms increases the risk of malignancy..
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Abstract : The objectives were to study the clinico-laboratory profile in Plasmodium vivax malaria in F.H. Medical college Ethmadpur Agra. From the total patients of 240 severe disease present in 106 cases 78% of cases were having malaria for the first time. Fever present in 100% of patients, headache in 46%, jaundice present in 39%, nausea/vomiting in37.5%, pain in abdomen in 14.5%, oliguria present in 18.5% patients,4.5% patients were had petechiae/bleeding. 19.5 % patients were had parasitaemia between 25000-150000. Thrombocytopenia was most common haematological complication present almost in 75% patients which were normalised after treatment. TLC was low (<4000/cm2) in 45 cases which was increased to normal after treatment. Severe anaemia (Hb<7%) present in 38 patients out of which 24 patients was female. 63 patients were had serum creatinine ≥3mg/dl (30 male and 33 females), High bilirubin (>3mg/dl) was present in 74 patients out of which 24 were females and 50 males. The bilirubin level >10mg/dl was present in 8 patient out which 3 were male and 5 female. Malaria due to Plasmodium vivax can cause severe disease with renal, cerebral, hepatic, involvement occurs with increasing frequency anaemia and thrombocytopenia is very common in vivax malaria so vivax malaria no longer is benign condition..
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Abstract : Stroke is the syndrome in which the cerebral dysfunction occurs and the symptoms last more than 24 hours which leads to death. There are different approaches that are used for the treatment of spasticity of upper limb in stroke patients like Bobath / Neurodevelopmental Treatment Approach and Motor Relearning Program. The objective of the study is to find out the comparison of Bobath / Neurodevelopmental Treatment Vs Motor Relearning Program for the spasticity of upper limb in chronic stroke patients. Study design was a randomized control trial with 80 sample size randomely allocated into MRP and NDT groups. Patients of around age of 45-70 were taken and both groups received routine physiotherapy as a baseline treatment approach and one group received MRP and the other received NDT for 8 weeks. The study was single blinded i.e the assessor was kept blinded. The pre test Mean Modified Ashworth Scale spasticity level of both groups was equal 2.73±0.640. After 4 weeks the mean Spasticity of Bobath / NDT group was 1.83±0.549 and the mean spasticity of MRP group was 1.48±0.640 which is quite less than Bobath / NDT group. After 8 weeks when the treatment ended the mean spasticity of Bobath / NDT group was 1.13±0.607 and the mean spasticity of MRP group was 0.65±0.622 which was significantly less than Bobath / NDT group. Both of the treatment approaches have proven to be effective in treatment of spasticity of upper limb among chronic stroke patients but the Motor Relearning Program has proven to be significantly more effective than Neurodevelopmental Treatment and has reduced Spasticity more efficiently..
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Abstract : Skin illnesses, such as acne vulgaris, have psychological effects for those who suffer from them, causing sense of guilt, shame, and social withdrawal. The onset of acne vulgaris throughout puberty renders this condition a main point of concerns for many people since teenagers are psychologically extremely disturbed. The current study aims to measure the effects of acne on female secondary school students in Al-Najaf City. An observational case-control design has been conducted in secondary schools at Al-Najaf city starting from 1st of November 2021 to 3rd of July 2022. The sample was acquired using a non-probability purposive sample of 200 female students with acne and 200 female students without acne, which was developed by the researcher using a self-administrative questionnaire to meet the study's aims. The questionnaire's validity and reliability were assessed by experts and cronbach's alpha, respectively, while the respondents employed the questionnaire as a self-report technique. According to the findings of the study, female students with acne have a significantly lower level of self-esteem than female students without acne. The study has concluded that the case group have low self-esteem level as compare control group because they are girls in this age group and are attending college focusing on self-centered and force of personality, it is normal for them to have sentiments of low self because they have been withdrawn, get less connections with others, and have a lowered body self-image, even if they have poor self..
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Abstract : To evaluate cytotoxic and antiviral potential of Moxidectin and Amantadine against influenza virus H9. The cytotoxicity of moxidectin and amantadine was evaluated on primary fibroblast cell line through MTT assay. Antiviral activity in vitro and in vivo was tested on 9-days old chick embryo. Cytotoxicity and antiviral activity of Moxidectin is high at first two conc. 200µg/ml and 100µg/ml while safe at lower conc. 50, 25, 12.5 and 6.25µg/ml. Antiviral activity of Amantadine is strong at all conc. 200µg/ml, 100µg/ml, 50µg/ml, 25µg/ml, 12.5µg/ml and 6.25µg/ml. All the concentrations of Amantadine were non-cytotoxic with higher safety profile. It was concluded that concentrations of moxidectin 200 and 100µg/ml were cytotoxic and lower concentrations were safe. All the concentrations of Amantadine were non-cytotoxic. Moxidectin at 200 and 100µg/ml demonstrated strong antiviral potential and antiviral potential decreased as concentrations decreased. Amantadine showed strong antiviral activity against influenza virus H9 at all concentrations..
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